Category: Hand Down Summaries

Mississippi Supreme Court Decisions of April 13, 2023

I was out of town Thursday and Friday doing fun things with my family and summarizing hand downs didn’t fit the agenda. Without further delay, here are summaries of the four decisions the Mississippi Supreme Court handed down while I was out. There is a wrongful death/premises liability decision, a direct appeal of a murder conviction, and two real property contract decisions.

Deepak Jasco, LLC v. Palmer, 2021-IA-00702-SCT (Civil – Wrongful Death)
Reversing the denial of summary judgment in a premises liability case, holding that the plaintiff did not prove that the owner and operator of a convenience store adjacent to a lot where the plaintiff’s decedent was found stabbed and killed had actual or constructive knowledge that an atmosphere of violence existed on the premises.
(5-4-0: Maxwell concurred in part and in the result, joined by Randolph and Beam)

NOTE – Here is the crux of the Court’s analysis:

Anderson v. State, 2022-KA-00007-SCT (Criminal – Felony)
Affirming conviction of murder, holding that the trial court did not err by refusing an excusable homicide instruction based on heat of passion or by admitting evidence of the defendant’s prior bad act of using methamphetamine just before the shooting and for several days before where the defendant himself testified that he was high on meth when he shot his grandmother and it was relevant to his state of mind and motive.
(9-0)

Sel Business Services, LLC v. Lord, 2021-CT-00368-SCT (Civil – Real Property)
Affirming in part and reversing in part the chancellor’s grant of summary judgment in favor of a property owner who made an oral agreement to sell to one buyer but then sold to someone else, holding that while the statute of frauds barred the claim for specific performance the would-be buyer still had other equitable remedies available.
(9-0)

NOTE – The decisions specifically overruled Barriffe v. Estate of Nelson, 153 So. 3d 613 (Miss. 2014):

Luxe Homes, LLC v. Brewer, 2022-IA-00132-SCT (Civil – Contract)
Reversing the chancellor’s denial of a motion to transfer venue, holding that the terms of a venue provision in the contract between the parties were unambiguous, mandatory, and enforceable and that the transferred to the circuit court of the venue county even though the suit sought specific performance of a real estate contract.
(7-2-0: Kitchens and King concurred in result only without separate written opinion)

Other Orders

$153,340 v. State, 2020-CT-01409-SCT (cert denied)

Wilson v. City of Greenville, 2021-CT-00316-SCT (cert denied)

Johnson v. State, 2021-CT-00571-SCT (cert denied)

Hand Down Page

Mississippi Supreme Court Decisions of April 6, 2023

I am circling back to pick up the rest of the hand downs that I missed last week. The Mississippi Supreme Court handed down six opinions last Thursday with a couple of reversals. There were two skirmishes in med mal cases, one involved an arbitration agreement and the other the substitution of the administrator of an estate. There is a UM case about the right to UM benefits after cutting off the carrier’s subrogation rights. There is also a sixteenth section land case and what should have been an MTCA case. The Supreme Court also denied a petition for reinstatement to the practice of law.

Mississippi Farm Bureau Cas. Ins. Co. v. Peteet, 2021-IA-01420-SCT (Civil – Insurance)
Reversing the denial of a motion to dismiss by a UM carrier, holding that the insured’s execution of a settlement agreement with the at-fault driver unlawfully cut off the UM carrier’s right of subrogation and the UM carrier therefore had no duty to pay the UM claim.
(9-0)

Sill v. State, 2021-KA-00317-SCT (Criminal – Felony)
Affirming conviction of possession of meth, holding that the trial court did not err in denying the defendant’s motion to suppress evidence found in his car because the defendant did not prove that he had a legitimate expectation of privacy in a stolen vehicle, that the State met its burden to prove construction possession, and that the jury could reasonable infer that the untested substance was of the same substance as what was tested.
(9-0)

Belhaven Senior Care, LLC v. Smith, 2022-CA-00050-SCT (Civil – Contract)
Affirming denial of a motion to compel arbitration, holding that the facility failed to prove that the signatory of the arbitration agreement was the resident’s healthcare surrogate, that the plaintiff was not barred by direct-benefit estoppel from contesting the validity of the arbitration agreement, and that the decdent was not a third-party beneficiary of the agreement.
(9-0)

North Bolivar Consolidated Sch. Dist. v. Jones, 2021-IA-01235-SCT (Civil – Real Property)
Reversing the denial of the school district’s motion for summary judgment, holding that the school district’s past acceptance of late rent payments for sixteenth section land were not authorized and could not form the basis of estoppel that would prevent the school district from assessing statutory late-payment penalties.
(9-0)

Morton v. City of Clarksdale, 2022-CA-00216-SCT (Civil – Torts)
Affirming the dismissal of claims that an arrest violated constitutional rights, holding that most of the plaintiff’s claims fell under the MTCA and were barred by the MTCA’s one-year statute of limitations, that the constitutional claims were barred by the three-year statute of limitations, and that the malicious prosecution claim was barred by the one-year statute of limitations for such claims.
(9-0)

Otuseso v. Estate of Mason, 2021-IA-01099-SCT (Civil – Wills, Trusts and Estates)
Affirming the chancellor’s decision removing the administratrix of an estate who had filed a wrongful death suit against a doctor on behalf of the estate and substituting two heirs-at-law as coadminstrators, holding that the doctor’s motion to intervene in the chancery court proceedings was moot since the chancellor had properly removed the unqualified administrator and appointed successor administrators.
(9-0)

Other Orders

Stewart v. The Mississippi Bar, 2022-BR-00382-SCT (denying fourth petition for reinstatement to the practice of law)

Virden v. Campbell Delong, LLC, 2021-CT-00478-SCT (granting cert)
I put this on the “cert watch” list when the COA opinion was handed down. It is a lawyer fight over money with a 5-5 COA decision that left the trial court’s ruling in place. (My summary of the COA decision is here.)

Hand Down List

Mississippi Court of Appeals Decisions of April 11, 2023

The Mississippi Court of Appeals handed down six opinions today (eight, if you count each of the three PCR cases that were consolidated). The list starts off PCR heavy, but then we pick up a reverse-Batson/criminal appeal, a personal injury/borrowed servant case, and a defamation case.

Simoneaux v. State, 2022-CP-00532-COA (Civil – PCR)
Affirming the circuit court’s order dismissing the plaintiff’s third PCR motion, holding that there was no error in finding that the PCR motion was successive and time-barred.
(9-0: McCarty did not participate)

Holliday v. State, 2022-CA-00149-COA (Civil – PCR)
Affirming denial of PCR motion, holding that the circuit court did not err in denying the petition claiming ineffective assistance of counsel based on the plaintiff’s knowing and voluntary guilty plea.
(9-0: Smith did not participate)

Blackmore v. State, 2021-CA-00743-COA (Civil – PCR)
consolidated with
White v. State, 2021-CA-00744 COA
consolidated with
Traxler v. State, 2021-CA-00769-COA
Affirming denials of motions in three separate cases arguing that the plaintiffs’ classifications as violent offenders was unconstitutional, holding that Tenth Amendment reserved to Mississippi the right to define DUI as a crime of violence and that enactment of section 97-3-2 superseded the holding in Smith v. State, 942 So. 2d 308 (Miss. Ct. App. 2006), expressly overruling Smith.
(9-0: Emfinger did not participate)

Smith v. State, 2021-KA-01003-COA (Criminal – Felony)
Affirming first-degree murder conviction, holding that the trial court did not err in returning four jurors back to the venire after a “reverse-Batson challenge” by the State or in admitting autopsy photos.
(7-3: McCarty concurred in part and dissented in part, joined by Westbrooks and McDonald; Westbrooks and McDonald also concurred in part and dissented in part without separate written opinion)

Dawson v. Burgs, 2021-CA-01038-COA (Civil – Personal Injury)
Affirming summary judgment in favor of the defendants where the plaintiff was allegedly injured by a coworker, holding the plaintiff (an employee of the defendant temporary staffing agency) was a “borrowed servant” of Dollar General and therefore the alleged tortfeasor (who was an employee of Dollar General) was immune for suit under the MWCA which precluded his direct liability and the staffing agency’s vicarious liability.
(8-2: Westbrooks dissented joined by McDonald)

NOTE – This is a good reminder that substance prevails over form prevail when classifying someone as an “employee” or “independent contractor”:

Fagan v. Faulkner, 2022-CA-00130-COA (Civil – Torts)
Reversing bench trial verdict for the plaintiff in a defamation case, holding that an obscene outburst by a surgeon directed at a nurse were not actionable as slander per se because the evidence did not show the surgeon spoke them in relation to the nurse’s capability to perform her job.
(6-4: McCarty dissented, joined by Carlton, Westbrooks, and McDonald; McDonald also dissented without separate written opinion)

Other Orders

Thomas v. State, 2021-CP-00060-COA (granting motion to recall mandate)

Rhea v. Career General Agency, Inc., 2021-CA-00580-COA (denying rehearing)

Davis v. State, 2021-KA-00759-COA (denying rehearing)

Hull v. State, 2022-CP-00088-COA (recalling mandate and accepting petition for rehearing as timely)

Hand Down List

Mississippi Court of Appeals Decisions of April 4, 2023

I am playing catch-up because my paying work had me preoccupied last week. The Mississippi Court of Appeals handed down seven opinions last Tuesday. There were a couple of direct criminal appeals, an alimony case, an appeal of a $2.8M auto liability verdict, a couple of PCR cases, and an appeal of an MDOC issue.

Gillenwater v. Redmond, 2021-CA-01378-COA (Civil – Domestic Relations)
Affirming modification of alimony, holding that chancellor did not abuse her discretion by reducing (but not terminating) the alimony obligation based on the ex-wife’s cohabitation and mutual support.
(8-1-0: Westbrooks concurred in the result only without separate written opinion; Judge Lawrence did not participate.)

Tubwell v. State, 2022-KM-00342-COA (Criminal- Misdemeanor)
Affirming conviction of violating the child-restraint laws, holding that there was sufficient evidence to support the conviction where there were two adults and three children in a single-cab pickup and one child was sitting in the driver’s lap.
(8-2-0: McDonald concurred in part and in the result without separate written opinion; Westbrooks concurred in the result only without separate written opinion.)

Winters v. State, 2022-CP-00435-COA (Civil – PCR)
Affirming dismissal of PCR motion, holding that the circuit court did not err in finding that the motion was time-barred, successive, and without merit.
(10-0)

Williamson v. State, 2021-KA-00830-COA (Criminal – Felony)
Affirming conviction of burglary of a dwelling, burglary of a shed, and trafficking stolen firearms, holding that the evidence was sufficient and that the verdict was not against the weight of it and that there was no error admitting evidence of other crimes, in denying a motion to suppress evidence obtained in a search of the defendant’s home, in denying a motion for continuance, or in not halting trial during a power outage.
(10-0)

Everett v. State, 2021-CP-01385-COA (Civil – PCR)
Affirming the denial of a PCR motion, holding that the illegal sentence claim was time-barred and without merit and that the claim regarding earned-discharged credits was properly dismissed because that claim should have been filed in the venue where the plaintiff is housed.
(8-1-0: No separate opinions – Westbrooks concurred in result only and Smith did not participate)

Robinson v. MDOC, 2022-CP-00018-COA (Civil – State Boards & Agencies)
Affirming denial of petition for judicial review after the petitioner was denied a request to participate in the Meritorious Earned TIME Incentive Program, holding that the circuit court did not err in finding that the court lacked personal jurisdiction because MDOC had not been given notice of the appeal and that the petitioner failed to exhaust his administrative remedies.
(8-2-0: No separate opinions – McCarty concurred in part and in the result and McDonald concurred in result only.)

Kirk v. Newton, 2021-CA-00684-COA (Civil – Tort)
Affirming a nearly $2.8 million verdict in an auto liability case, holding that the question of who caused the accident was a fact issue for the jury, that there was no evidence of bias, passion, or prejudice to show that the award should be reduced or set aside, and that there was no error in using national average for wage calculation that was lower than the plaintiff’s actual wages where the jury heard both sides from experts and weighed their credibility.
(8-1-1: Wilson concurred in part and in the result without separate written opinion; Greenlee dissented.)

NOTE – I do not think this case represents the departure from Rebelwood that I thought it would when I was first reading it. My take is that the fact that the national average figure used by the plaintiff was less than the actual wage-earning history was critical to this decision.

Other Orders

$41,080 v. State, 2021-CA-00692-COA (denying rehearing)

Durant Healthcare, LLC v. Garrette, 2021-CA-00823-COA (denying rehearing)

Owens v. State, 2021-KA-000887-COA (denying rehearing)

The Banking Group, Inc. v. Southern Bancorp Bank, 2021-CA-01077-COA (denying rehearing)

Hand Down List

Mississippi Supreme Court Decisions of March 30, 2023

The Mississippi Supreme Court handed down one opinion today in a criminal case along with one disbarment.

Willard v. State, 2022-KA-00339-SCT (Criminal – Felony)
Affirming conviction of possession of meth and sentencing as a habitual offender, holding that the trial court did not clearly err by striking two members of the venire for cause and that any error committed by sustaining the State’s objection to continuing a line of questioning on the contents of a hearsay report not prepared by the witness was harmless.
(9-0)

NOTE – The two potential jurors were struck for cause as a result of saying they were unwilling to convict on the testimony of a law enforcement officer alone.

Other Orders

Mississippi Bar v. Patrick, 2022-BD-01093-SCT (disbarring attorney in lieu of requested indefinite suspension)

Howell v. State, 2020-CA-00868-SCT (denying rehearing)

Hand Down List

Mississippi Court of Appeals Decisions of March 28, 2023

The Mississippi Court of Appeals handed down two decisions yesterday. One case is a putative derivative action against a property owners association board and the other is a worker’s comp case involving compensability and loss of wage-earning capacity.

Feola v. Marthouse, 2021-CA-01078-COA (Civil – Other)
Affirming in part and reversing in part the chancellor’s dismissal of a putative derivative action against the board of directors of a property owners association, agreeing with the chancellor that the amended complaint was not properly verified and properly dismissed but reversing the award of attorney’s fees because the suit was not frivolous.
(10-0)

Parker v. Mississippi Dept. of Health, 2022-WC-00552-COA (Civil – Workers’ Comp)
Affirming the MWCC, holding that there was substantial evidence supporting the Commission’s ruling that that the claimant did not sustain an compensable right-shoulder injury and that the claimant overcame the presumption of no loss of wage-earning capacity but only proved a 15% loss.
(8-2: Westbrooks dissented, joined by McDonald.)

Other Orders

Lowe v. State, 2019-KA-01621-COA (denying pro se “motion for leave to proceed with extension to file rehearing out of time as a result of excusable neglect of counsel”)

Watts v. Watts, 2021-CA-00321-COA (denying rehearing)

Burchett v. State, 2021-KA-00776-COA (denying rehearing)

MS Concrete v. Harris, 2022-WC-01095-COA (granting motion to dismiss appeal as interlocutory)

Hand Down List

Mississippi Court of Appeals Decisions of March 21, 2023

The Mississippi Court of Appeals handed down four opinions on Tuesday. It was an eclectic mix, including a workers’ comp case, a dysfunctional two-member LLC , a wrongful death case against a sheriff’s deputy, and an inmate’s request for removal of a rule violation report.

Holloway v. King, 2021-CP-01351-COA (Civil – State Boards and Agencies)
Affirming the circuit court’s decision that affirmed the denial of an inmate’s request for the removal of a rule violation report, holding that the circuit court did not have jurisdiction because the petitioner did not comply with the notice requirements of UCRCCC 5.04.
(6-4: McCarty dissented, joined by Westbrooks, McDonald, and Lawrence.)

Myrick v. UMMC, 2021-WC-01401-COA (Civil – Workers’ Comp)
Affirming MWCC order, holding that there was substantial, credible evidence to support the Commission’s finding that the Employer/Carrier overcame the presumption of permanent total disability and that the claimant’s post-injury back surgery was not related to her compensable back injury.
(7-3-0: Westbrooks, McDonald, and McCarty concurred in part and in the result without separate written opinion.)

Colson v. Warren, 2021-CA-01408-COA (Civil – Other)
Affirming on direct and cross appeal the chancery court’s decisions denying a claim to dissolve a two-member LLC, holding that the two members should cooperate in drafting and implementing an operating agreement and opening a bank account to deposit rental revenue checks payable to the LLC that had been piling up.
(9-1-0: Wilson concurred in part and in the result without separate written opinion.)

Renfroe v. Parker, 2021-CA-01048-COA (Civil – Wrongful Death)
Affirming summary judgment in favor of the law-enforcement defendants in a wrongful death suit after a suspect was killed by a deputy, holding:
1. Res judicata did not bar the plaintiff’s state law tort claims after the federal district court dismissed her 1983 claims with prejudice and her state law claims without prejudice.
2. The deputy and the sheriff were entitled to immunity on the official-capacity claims
3. Collateral estoppel barred the claims for IIED, assault, and battery because the federal district court found that the deputy’s use of force was “objectively reasonable.”
4. Even if collateral did not bar the IIED, assault, and battery claims, the plaintiff did not come forward with evidence to defeat summary judgment.
(7-2: McDonald concurred in part and dissented in part, joined by Westbrooks. Judge Emfinger did not participate.)

NOTE – According to testimony, the deputy shot the suspect after the suspect charged at the deputy, withstood a taser (pulling the electrodes out of his chest), had a physical altercation with the deputy, and then charged at the deputy a second time. The fact that the suspect did this while wearing pajama pants did not sway the courts at any level.

Other Orders

Green v. State, 2021-KA-01019-COA (rehearing denied)

Hand Down List

Mississippi Supreme Court Decisions of March 16, 2023

The Mississippi Supreme Court handed down six opinions today. Like the Court of Appeals on Tuesday, the Supreme Court’s decisions were all unanimous but appellants batted .500 at the Supreme Court. Today’s decisions include a med mal expert case, a board of aldermen case, a municipal boundaries case, an “intimately connected doctrine” premises case, an alienation of affection case, and a mortmain laws case.

UMMC v. Kelly, 2022-IA-00034-SCT (Civil – Medical Malpractice)
Reversing denial of summary judgment to UMMC, holding that the trial court abused its discretion in finding the plaintiff’s expert physician was qualified in the areas of treating impact injuries and infections where the parties agreed the doctor was a licensed ER doctor but the plaintiff did not produce a CV.
(9-0)

City of Canton, Mississippi Board of Aldermen v. Slaughter, 2021-CA-01210-SCT (Civil – State Boards and Agencies)
Affirming the circuit court’s reversal of Board of Aldermen’s decision to remove two members of the Canton Municipal Utilities Commission, holding that the commissioners were deprived of procedural due process when the mayor vetoed the issuance of notice and opportunity to be heard and that veto was not overridden by the BOA.
(9-0)

City of Jackson v. City of Pearl, 2021-AN-01422-SCT (Civil – Municipal Boundaries & Annexation)
Affirming the circuit court’s voidance of the City of Jackson’s ordinance that would incorporate land around JAN, holding that Jackson failed to obtain consent of the Rankin County Board of Supervisors before passing the ordinance.
(9-0)

White v. Targa Downstream, LLC, 2022-CA-00020-SCT (Civil – Personal Injury)
Reversing summary judgment for a premises owner, holding that the intimately connected doctrine does not give immunity to a premises owner when there is a fact issue regarding whether the premises owner created a dangerous condition and whether the independent contractor had actual or constructive notice of the condition.
(9-0)

NOTE – Here is the Court’s Conclusion:

Davis v. Davis, 2020-CA-01304-SCT (Civil – Torts-Other)
Reversing jury award in an alienation of affection case, holding that the claim was barred by the statute of limitations and the plaintiff failed to request proper jury instructions on damages.
(7-2-0: Chamberlin specially concurred joined by Griffis)

NOTE – Chamberlin’s special concurrence called for the abolition of the tort of alienation of affection.

Mississippi Baptist Foundation v. Fitch, 2022-CA-00065-SCT (Civil – Wills, Trusts & Estates)
Affirming the trial court’s grant of summary judgment to heirs, holding that MBF had a possessory interest over a mineral interest as trustee, that the trustor’s death triggered the 10-year portion of the mortmain laws, and MBF failed to protect its alleged rights during that period and could not assert the forty years later.
(9-0)

Other Orders

Gardner v. Jackson, 2020-CT-01313-SCT (cert denied)

McGillberry v. Ross, 2021-CT-01076-SCT (cert denied)

Hand Down List

Mississippi Court of Appeals Decisions of March 14, 2023

The Mississippi Court of Appeals handed down seven opinions today. There was nary a dissent, but a conviction of child exploitation was reversed. The are other felony opinions, two divorce cases, a contract case involving a defunct LLC, and a PCR case.

Nunn v. State, 2021-KA-01371-COA (Criminal – Felony)
Affirming conviction of having meth within 1,500 feet of a church, holding that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in denying the defendant’s motion for mental competency evaluation where the trial court twice held a hearing to determine whether the defendant understood and appreciated the significance of the trial proceedings and had the ability to rationally aid in his defense or in denying the defendant’s entrapment instruction.
(10-0)

Singh v. State, 2022-CP-00273-COA (Civil – PCR)
Affirming denial of PCR motion, holding no error in revoking post-release supervision since the plaintiff absconded from supervision.
(10-0)

Williams v. Williams, 2021-CA-00758-COA (Civil – Domestic Relations)
Affirming judgment of divorce, holding that the chancellor’s valuation of the marital residence was based on evidentiary support in the record.
(10-0)

Wakefield v. State, 2021-KA-00187-COA (Criminal – Felony)
Affirming conviction of accessory after the fact to murder, to kidnapping, and to auto theft, holding:
1. The circuit court had jurisdiction because it sat in one of the counties where the crimes were committed;
2. That the convictions did not violate the Double Jeopardy Clause even though the defendant gave just one car ride because he was an accessory to three distinct felonies so the merger doctrine did not apply;
3. That there was no error based on the weight or sufficiency of the evidence;
4. That the indictment was not defective for failing to include “intent” where it did include “willfully;” and
5. That there was no error in admitting autopsy and crime scene photos.
(8-1-0: McDonald concurred in result only without separate written opinion; Emfinger did not participate)

NOTE – These convictions stemmed from the kidnapping and murder of six-year-old Kingston Frazier in 2017.

Holmes v. Lankford, 2022-CA-00203-COA (Civil – Contract)
Affirming summary judgment for the defendant in a dispute over a sand and gravel operation agreement, holding that the plaintiff did not have standing to enforce the agreement that was between the defendant and the plaintiff’s administratively dissolved LLC and that the plaintiff did not otherwise show he was entitled to relief.
(10-0)

NOTE – Conducting business through an LLC can cut both ways:

Mason v. State, 2021-KA-00964-COA (Criminal – Felony)
Reversing conviction of child exploitation, holding that the trial court erred in denying funds for an independent computer forensics expert because the State’s witness/detective should have been considered an expert and that this error hindered the defendant’s jurisdictional challenge and led to evidentiary errors that contributed to an unfair trial.
(7-3-0: Wilson, Smith, and Emfinger concurred in part and in the result)

Moss v. Moss, 2021-CA-00452-COA (Civil – Domestic Relations)
Modified opinion on motion for rehearing affirming the chancellor’s decision granting the wife divorce on the ground of habitual cruel and inhuman treatment, holding that there was substantial evidence to support that finding (read the facts for yourself if you have doubts), that the subject matter of wife’s expert’s opinions was adequately disclosed and was not even a basis for the chancellor’s decision, and the husband’s claim for separate maintenance was moot since the divorce was affirmed.
(9-0)

Other Orders

Hornsby v. Hornsby, 2020-CA-01091-COA (dismissing motion for attorney’s fees)

Blount v. State, 2021-KA-00204-COA (denying rehearing)

Mayberry v. Cottonport Hardwoods, 2021-CA-00246-COA (denying rehearing)

Anderson v. State, 2021-KA-01340-COA (granting pro se motion for extension of time to file motion for rehearing and recalling mandate)

Easterling v. State, 2022-CA-00796-COA (vacating circuit court’s order and rendering judgment dismissing motion for PCR)

Hunter v. State, 2022-TS-01269-COA (dismissing appeal as untimely)

Hand Down List